Deploying a Serverless WordPress Site on AWS Using Terraform

Deploying a Serverless WordPress Site on AWS Using Terraform

This guide will help you deploy a serverless WordPress site on AWS using Terraform.

Prerequisites

Terraform installed on your machine.
AWS CLI configured with appropriate permissions.
Basic understanding of AWS services such as Lambda, API Gateway, S3, and RDS.

Step 1: Setup Terraform Configuration

Create a new directory for your Terraform configuration files.

mkdir terraform-wordpress
cd terraform-wordpress

Create a main.tf file and add the following basic configuration:


provider "aws" {
  region = "us-west-2"
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket" "wordpress_bucket" {
  bucket = "your-wordpress-bucket"
  acl    = "public-read"
}

resource "aws_s3_bucket_object" "wordpress_files" {
  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.wordpress_bucket.bucket
  key    = "index.html"
  source = "path/to/your/index.html"
  acl    = "public-read"
}

Step 2: Setup AWS Lambda

Add the following to main.tf to create a Lambda function:


resource "aws_lambda_function" "wordpress_lambda" {
  filename         = "path/to/your/lambda.zip"
  function_name    = "wordpress_function"
  role             = aws_iam_role.lambda_exec_role.arn
  handler          = "index.handler"
  runtime          = "nodejs14.x"
  source_code_hash = filebase64sha256("path/to/your/lambda.zip")
}

Create an IAM role for Lambda:


resource "aws_iam_role" "lambda_exec_role" {
  name = "lambda_exec_role"

  assume_role_policy = jsonencode({
    Version = "2012-10-17"
    Statement = [
      {
        Action = "sts:AssumeRole"
        Effect = "Allow"
        Sid    = ""
        Principal = {
          Service = "lambda.amazonaws.com"
        }
      },
    ]
  })
}

resource "aws_iam_role_policy_attachment" "lambda_policy" {
  role       = aws_iam_role.lambda_exec_role.name
  policy_arn = "arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AWSLambdaBasicExecutionRole"
}

Step 3: Setup API Gateway

Add the following to main.tf to create an API Gateway:


resource "aws_api_gateway_rest_api" "wordpress_api" {
  name        = "wordpress_api"
  description = "API for serverless WordPress"
}

resource "aws_api_gateway_resource" "wordpress_resource" {
  rest_api_id = aws_api_gateway_rest_api.wordpress_api.id
  parent_id   = aws_api_gateway_rest_api.wordpress_api.root_resource_id
  path_part   = "{proxy+}"
}

resource "aws_api_gateway_method" "wordpress_method" {
  rest_api_id   = aws_api_gateway_rest_api.wordpress_api.id
  resource_id   = aws_api_gateway_resource.wordpress_resource.id
  http_method   = "ANY"
  authorization = "NONE"
}

resource "aws_api_gateway_integration" "wordpress_integration" {
  rest_api_id = aws_api_gateway_rest_api.wordpress_api.id
  resource_id = aws_api_gateway_resource.wordpress_resource.id
  http_method = aws_api_gateway_method.wordpress_method.http_method
  integration_http_method = "POST"
  type        = "AWS_PROXY"
  uri         = aws_lambda_function.wordpress_lambda.invoke_arn
}

resource "aws_lambda_permission" "api_gateway" {
  statement_id  = "AllowAPIGatewayInvoke"
  action        = "lambda:InvokeFunction"
  function_name = aws_lambda_function.wordpress_lambda.function_name
  principal     = "apigateway.amazonaws.com"
  source_arn    = "${aws_api_gateway_rest_api.wordpress_api.execution_arn}/*/*"
}

Step 4: Setup RDS for WordPress Database

Add the following to main.tf to create an RDS instance:


resource "aws_db_instance" "wordpress_db" {
  allocated_storage    = 20
  engine               = "mysql"
  engine_version       = "5.7"
  instance_class       = "db.t2.micro"
  name                 = "wordpressdb"
  username             = "admin"
  password             = "yourpassword"
  parameter_group_name = "default.mysql5.7"
  skip_final_snapshot  = true
}

Step 5: Deploy the Infrastructure

Initialize Terraform and apply the configuration:


terraform init
terraform apply

Step 6: Configure WordPress

After the infrastructure is deployed, configure WordPress to use the RDS database and S3 bucket for media uploads. Update your wp-config.php file with the database connection details and use a plugin like WP Offload Media to integrate with S3.

Conclusion

By following these steps, you can deploy a serverless WordPress site on AWS using Terraform. This setup leverages AWS Lambda, API Gateway, S3, and RDS to create a scalable and cost-effective WordPress hosting solution.

LINUXexpert